Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development

Biography of Erik Erikson Erik Hamburger Erikson born in 1902 Frankfurt, Germany. He never knew his biological father. A few years after Eries birth, her find took him to a local Judaic pediatrician, Dry. Theodore Hamburger for a treatment of humble illness. His mother and the pediatrician eventually fell in love. He rapidly developed a signified that something was wrong his mother and father were Jewish his hold physical appearance was clearly Scandinavian. Later on he found the truth about his heritage, his identity crisis was worsened. Rejecting his stepfathers plea to become physician.He went to atomic number 63 and enrolled in art school and eager to learn about purification and history. He returned home at the age of 25 prepared to settee down and teach art for a living. Erikson was asked by his former uplifted school friend Peter Blobs to Join him as a teacher in Experimental Nursery school in Vienna where he met Anna Freud and her famous father Sigmund Freud. Anna Fr eud was trying to convert psychoanalytic interest in childhood views of adult. Erikson shared her pioneering interest and was eventually trained by her as a child analyst.Erikson was still unsure to earn his living a psychoanalyst because still wanted to paint and draw. However, he began to see a connection between psychoanalysis and art. He observed that childrens dream and dally involve important visual images that only later are translated into row in therapy. Concepts and rulers Erosions position represents a systematic extension of Frauds view of the billet of ego in personality functioning. Erikson is a Freudian ego-psychologist. Erikson proposed that ego a lot operates in thinkently of id emotions and motivation.Ego functions to help individual adapt to challenges presented by the surrounding. Ego psychology Emphasized the integration of biological and psychosociable forces in determination of personality functioning. Epigenetic Principle The idea that human developing is governed by a sequence of stages that depend on genetic or hereditary factors This principle says that we develop with a predetermined unfolding of our personalities in eight stages. Our progress through each stage is in part determined by our success, or lack of success crisis, in all the revises stages.Crisis defined as the life-or-death period in every stage. lawfulness inherent strength or active quality human qualities or strength emerge from successful resolving power of crisis. Psychosocial Development Stages of Ego Development Stage Basic Conflict Virtue Important Events Outcome Infancy (birth to 18 months) Trust vs.. Mistrust expect Feeding Children develop a sense of trust when caregivers provide reli superpower, care, and affection. A lack of this will lead to mistrust. Early Childhood (2 to 3 years) indecorum vs.. Shame and Doubt WILL Toilet TrainingChildren occupy to develop a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of independence. Success leads to feelings of autonomy, ill luck results in feelings of shame and doubt. Preschool/Play Age (3 to 5 years) Initiative vs.. Guilt PURPOSE Exploration Children need to begin assert control and power over the environment. Success in this stage leads to a sense of purport. Children who try to exert too much power experience disapproval, resulting in a sense of guiltiness. School Age (6 to 1 1 years) Industry vs.. Inferiority COMPETENCE SchoolChildren need to cope with new social and academic demands. Success leads to a sense of competence, while failure results in feelings of inferiority. Adolescence (12 to 18 years) Identity vs.. Role Confusion FIDELITY Social Relationships Teens need to develop a sense of self and personal identity. Success leads to an ability to stay true to yourself, while failure leads to role confusion and a weak sense of self. Young Adulthood (19 to 40 years) Intimacy vs.. isolation LOVE Relationships Young adults need to form intimate, loving relatio nships with other people.Success dads to backbreaking relationships, while failure results in loneliness and isolation. Middle Adulthood (40 to 65 years) Generatively vs.. Stagnation CARE Work and Parenthood Adults need to create or nurture things that will outlast them, often by having children or creating a positive change that benefits other people. Success leads to feelings of usefulness and accomplishment, while failure results in shallow involvement in the world. Maturity(65 to death) Ego Integrity vs.. discouragement WISDOM Reflection on Life Older adults need to play back on life and feel a sense of fulfillment.Success at this tag leads to feelings of wisdom, while failure results in regret, bitterness, and despair. Strengths and Weaknesses of Erik Erosions Theory Strengths Comprehensiveness It addresses itself to across-the-board variety of phenomenon both normal and abnormal and seeks to biological, social, cultural and historical factors. heuristic rule Value Within P sychology, Erosions work has contributed directly to lifespan psychology and the development of adult psychology. Applied Value Erosions work has practical impact in the area of child psychology and psychiatry, counseling, education and social work.Weaknesses Male predetermine Erik Erikson articulated psychosocial stage describes the life cycle hallmarks of white, western society and whitethorn not apply well to other cultures or even to our own today/ present time. Erosions positive outcome (such as autonomy, initiative, industry) virtues (such as will, purpose and competence) are frequently seen as characteristics of healthy male development. And his negative ones, (doubt, guilt and inferiority) are seen as reflecting unhealthy female development. Sailings studies of girl and womens development stir different positive values emerge in healthy