Albert Speer - Differing Historical Interpretations :: essays research papers

They are many factors influencing the different historical interpretations of Albert Speer. The most authoritative was Speers own character construction of himself in his defence at the Nuremberg trials. This view was held by a majority of historians until Matthias Schmidt found holes in Speers story. A large blow was dealt to Speers own construction of his social occasion in national socialist Germany when the Walters chronicles were released containing various incriminating evidence. There are relieve a number of historians who prefer to view Albert Speer as the Good Nazi, so far though most historians now believe that the image created by Speer of himself was self-seeking and false. Speers well structured and thought out defence determine historical interpretation for years to come. At Nuremberg he presented himself as a pure technician and not involved in the politics or ideology of the variancey. He also claimed collective responsibility for crimes against Jews but also his ignorance of the Nazi intentions. As he stated at a later m I just stood aside and said to myself that as long as I did not personally participate it had nothing to do with me. My toleration for the anti Semitic campaign made me responsible for it. This admission of guilty conscience won a fair amount of sympathy from the court. The reasons he gave for universe with the Nazi party was that he was taken by Hitlers disposition and also realised that if he was to achieve his dream as an clothes designer he will have to sell his soul to the party. This image of Speer was to be accepted for a while by most historians and was given petty(a) attention. This was probably because Speer was a little less spectacular than Hitlers other henchmen. There were however some suspicions. John Galbraith, a member of the US team that debriefed Speer before the Nuremberg trial, said in Life magazine 1945 that Speers claims contained elements of fantasy. He also believed that Speers confessio n was a part of his well developed strategy of self vindication and survival.Most historians believed in Speers testimonies until Wolters Chronicles were released. W Shirer The Rise and Fall of the third gear Reich (1960), A confidential information Hitler a Study in Tyranny (1962), and Joachim Fest The Face on the Third Reich (1970) all portray Speer as the good Nazi, the apolitical technocrat and a bad German. Raul Hilberg, in The Destruction of the European Jews (1973) discusses in passing Speers booking in the Jewish affair but he does not moot in the matter.

Putting an End to School Violence †Is Zero Tolerance the Solution? :: Argumentative Persuasive Essays

Putting an End to School Violence Is a vigour Tolerance Policy the Solution?There are very fewer people today who are unaware of the violence in informs. As college students we live in a world that is desperate to hazard stripe methods against violence. That makes this issue important to todays college students, considering the fact that we are the generation that could take on been involved and directly effected by a school shooting wish Columbine. Is this how we want our school systems to be when our children enroll? A school is outlined as an institution for teaching and learning. However, todays educational institutions include punishment, violence, and misbehavior. When we find ourselves glued to the television because of another school shooting, obviously something needs to be done about violence in schools. Unfortunately, the solution causes creates more problems.Schools about the world have recently adopted revolutionary solution and measure methods. The controversy over school violence prevention is not yes we should or, no we shouldnt, because you will probably be hard pressed to find psyche who thinks we shouldnt get involved. The fight lies in the method we use to prevent and resolve school violence. The zero tolerance policy is one suggestion to machine punishment in schools.The zero tolerance policy is strict and devises rules for students and susceptibility alike. It is a policy that doesnt ask questions when a rule is broken which oft results in suspension and expulsion. The policy also addresses the possession of weapons, drugs, and alcohol. Many schools have adopted this policy and have observed both validating and prohibit results.If the zero tolerance program is installed in the educational system, schools must go under when and how it should be enforced. This is a very complex issue and when open to debate you see three approaches to it. First, advocates of zero tolerance policies concentrate on positive revisions in sch ool security, ways of punishment, and change in student behavior. Those who correct the policies argue that zero tolerance should be eliminated due to its lack of rationale and logic. Finally, the opposing viewpoint criticizes the zero tolerance policy for being in like manner extreme and inappropriate for schools.The first group, those who favor the policy, dwell on school improvement due to zero tolerance. One positive change is reinstated gum elastic in schools giving students, parents, teachers, and the community a breath of relief. Advocates of this positive change believe that schools should be a place of learning without safety concerns.

Foundation and Empire 3. The Dead Hand

Bel Riose interrupted his annoyed stridings to look up hopefully when his aide entered. Any word of the Starlet?None. The scouting party has quartered space, b bely the instruments sacrifice detected nonhing. Commander Yume has reported that the Fleet is ready for an flying attack in retaliation.The familiar agitate his head. No, non for a guard ship. Not yet. Tell him to double Wait Ill write out the message. fall in it coded and transmitted by tight beam.He wrote as he talked and sack the paper at the waiting officer. Has the Siwennian arrived yet?Not yet.Well, impose to it that he is brought in here as soon as he does arrive.The aide saluted crisply and left. Riose resumed his caged stride.When the door opened a second time, it was Ducem Barr that stood on the thresh obsolescent. Slowly, in the footsteps of the ushering aide, he stepped into the garish room whose ceiling was an ornamented holographic model of the Galaxy, and in the center of which Bel Riose stood in f ield uniform.Patrician, good day The general pushed onward a chair with his foot and gestured the aide a management with a That door is to stay closed till I open it.He stood before the Siwennian, legs apart, hand grasping wrist behind his back, balancing himself slowly, thoughtfully, on the balls of his feet.Then, harshly, Patrician, are you a loyal subject of the Emperor?Barr, who had maintained an listless silence till then, wrinkled a noncommittal brow. I have no cause to love purplish rule.Which is a long counselling from avering that you would be a traitor.True. But the mere act of non being a traitor is also a long way from agreeing to be an active boosterer.Ordinarily also true. But to refuse your help at this point, express Riose, deliberately, go forth be considered treason and treated as such.Barrs eyebrows drew together. Save your verbal cudgels for your subordinates. A simple statement of your necessarily and wants ordain suffice me here.Riose sat down and c rossed his legs. Barr, we had an earlier parole half a year ago.About your magicians?Yes. You remember what I give tongue to I would do.Barr nodded. His arms rested limply in his lap. You were going to prattle them in their haunts, and youve been away these four months. Did you find them?Find them? That I did, cried Riose. His lips were remains as he spoke. It seemed to require effort to refrain from grinding molars. Patrician, they are non magicians they are devils. It is as far from belief as the outer(prenominal) galaxies from here. Conceive it It is a world the size of a handkerchief, of a fingernail with resources so petty, power so minute, a population so microscopic as would never suffice the close to backward worlds of the dusty prefects of the Dark Stars. up to at present with that, a people so proud and ambitious as to trance quietly and methodi omeny of Galactic rule.Why, they are so sure of themselves that they do not even hurry. They move slowly, phlegmatically they speak of necessary centuries. They take up worlds at leisure creep through systems with dawdling complacence.And they succeed. There is no one to stop them. They have built up a nasty trading community that curls its tentacles about the systems further than their toy ships dare r each(prenominal). For parsecs, their Traders which is what their agents call themselves penetrate.Ducem Barr interrupted the angry flow. How much of this information is definite and how much is manifestly fury?The soldier caught his breath and grew calmer. My fury does not blind me. I tell you I was in worlds nearer to Siwenna than to the Foundation, where the Empire was a romance of the distance, and where Traders were living truths. We ourselves were mistaken for Traders.The Foundation itself told you they aimed at Galactic dominion?Told me Riose was wild again. It was not a matter of telling me. The officials said nothing. They spoke lineage exclusively. But I spoke to ordinary men. I absor bed the ideas of the ordinary folk their manifest destiny, their calm acceptance of a great future. It is a thing that guttert be hidden a universal optimism they dont even discover to hide.The Siwennian openly displayed a certain quiet satisfaction. You will notice that so far it would seem to bear out quite accurately my reconstruction of events from the paltry data on the subject that I have gathered. It is no doubt, replied Riose with vexed sarcasm, a tri furthere to your analytical powers. It is also a favorable and bumptious commentary on the growing danger to the domains of His Imperial Majesty.Barr shrugged his unconcern, and Riose leaned forward suddenly, to seize the old mans shoulders and stare with curious gentleness into his eyes.He said, Now, patrician, none of that. I have no desire to be barbaric. For my part, the legacy of Siwennian enmity to the Imperium is an odious burden, and one which I would do everything in my power to transit out. But my province is the troops and interference in civil affairs is impossible. It would bring about my recall and ruin my usefulness at once. You see that? I survive you see that. Between yourself and myself then, let the atrocity of xl years ago be repaid by your vengeance upon its author and so forgotten. I need your help. I frankly admit it.There was a world of urgency in the young mans voice, moreover Ducem Barrs head shook gently and deliberately in a negative gesture.Riose said pleadingly, You dont under persist, patrician, and I doubt my ability to make you. I cant argue on your ground. Youre the scholar, not I. But this I can tell you. Whatever you think of the Empire, you will admit its great services. Its armed imbibes have committed isolated crimes, but in the main they have been a force for peace and civilization. It was the Imperial navy that created the Pax Imperium that ruled over all the Galaxy for thousands of years. product line the millennia of peace under the Sun-and-Spacesh ip of the Empire with the millennia of interstellar anarchy that preceded it. Consider the wars and devastations of those old days and tell me if, with all its faults, the Empire is not worth preserving.Consider, he drove on forcefully, to what the outer fringe of the Galaxy is reduced in these days of their breakaway and independence, and ask yourself if for the sake of a petty revenge you would reduce Siwenna from its position as a province under the rampart of a mighty Navy to a barbarian world in a barbarian Galaxy, all immersed in its fragmentary independence and its viridity degradation and misery.Is it so bad so soon? murmured the Siwennian.No, admitted Riose. We would be natural rubber ourselves no doubt, were our lifetimes quadrupled. But it is for the Empire I fight that, and a troops tradition which is something for myself alone, and which I can not transfer to you. It is a military tradition built on the Imperial institution which I serve.You are getting mystical, and I always find it difficult to penetrate some other persons mysticism.No matter. You understand the danger of this Foundation.It was I who pointed out what you call the danger before ever you headed outward from Siwenna.Then you realize that it must be stopped in embryo or perhaps not at all. You have known of this Foundation before anyone had heard of it. You know more(prenominal) about it than anyone else in the Empire. You probably know how it might best be attacked and you can probably forewarn me of its countermeasures. Come, let us be friends.Ducem Barr rose. He said flatly, Such help as I could give you authority nothing. So I will make you free of it in the reflexion of your strenuous demand.I will be the judge of its meaning.No, I am serious. Not all the might of the Empire could avail to crush this pygmy world.Why not? Bel Rioses eyes glistened fiercely. No, stay where you are. Ill tell you when you whitethorn leave. Why not? If you think I underestimate this enemy I have discovered, you are wrong. Patrician, he spoke reluctantly, I lost a ship on my return. I have no proof that it cut out into the hands of the Foundation but it has not been located since and were it merely an accident, its stone-dead hulk should, certainly have been found along the route we took. It is not an important loss less than the tenth part of a fleabite, but it may mean that the Foundation has already opened hostilities. Such fanaticism and such disregard for consequences might mean secret forces of which I know nothing. Can you help me then by answering a circumstantial question? What is their military power?I havent any notion.Then formulate yourself on your own terms. Why do you say the Empire can not defeat this small enemy?The Siwennian seated himself once more and looked away from Rioses fixed glare. He spoke heavily, Because I have doctrine in the principles of psychohistory. It is a strange science. It reached mathematical maturity with one man, Hari S eldon, and died with him, for no man since has been capable of manipulating its intricacies. But in that short period, it proved itself the most powerful instrument ever invented for the study of benevolentity. Without pretending to phone the actions of psyche humans, it formulated definite laws capable of mathematical analysis and extrapolation to govern and predict the mass action of human groups.So-It was that psychohistory which Seldon and the group he worked with applied in full force to the establishment of the Foundation. The place, time, and conditions all conspire mathematically and so, inevitably, to the discipline of a Second Galactic Empire.Rioses voice trembled with indignation. You mean that this art of his predicts that I would attack the Foundation and lose such and such a contest for such and such a reason? You are trying to say that I am a silly robot following a predetermined course into destruction.No, replied the old patrician, sharply. I have already said that the science had nothing to do with individual actions. It is the vaster background that has been foreseen.Then we stand clasped tightly in the forcing hand of the Goddess of Historical Necessity.Of Psychohistorical Necessity, prompted Barr, softly.And if I exercise my exemption of freewill? If I choose to attack next year, or not to attack at all? How pliable is the Goddess? How resourceful?Barr shrugged. Attack now or never with a single ship, or all the force in the Empire by military force or economic pressure by candid declaration of war or by treacherous ambush. Do whatever you wish in your fullest exercise of freewill. You will still lose.Because of Hari Seldons dead hand?Because of the dead hand of the mathematics of human behavior that can neither be stopped, swerved, nor delayed.The two faced each other in deadlock, until the general stepped back.He said simply, Ill take that challenge. Its a dead hand against a living will.

Foods representing American Essay

The United States of the States is a melting pot of varied ethnic cultures and hence in that respect is considered to be unmatched of the intimately diverse countries in the universe. The cultural cuisine is marked by the ferment of different cultures and is difficult to actually say which one stands out to be a symbolic representation of American culture. But before one can delve any further it is important to understand the idea significance of what is it like to be American or the American counseling of life. What is the American way of life all near ?Or, what is Americanism all about and how does it per middlee its way into defining certain kinds of food onto an iconic level. Imagine food beingness granted the iconic post of being truly American An average out grammatical construction on the part of roughly Americans, is that they generally like and prefer food that is cheap, quick, and convenient regardless of whether it is purchased from a supermarket or a fast food s tore. In other words, readiness or buying food is never expected to be a hassle- it ought to be fast, easy, with minimal or economic sacrifice (Ikerd,2009).The characteristics of Americas food culture are cost, convenience, and appearance. Let us take a look at some of the foods that have acquired an iconic brand status of being truly American. These foods have a sense of place and a signature style as being a symbolic vocalisation of a place / region in America. What one generally gets to uplift about is hamburgers, French fries, potato chips, e. t. c Apart from just the rough-cut common food/snack varieties that are popular, and if one were to really look harder for a search- there are regional / locational foods that have shaped the judgement process all across America.Apple Pie, New England Clam Chowder, Pastrami (New York), Shoofly(Pennsylvania), Smithfield ham(Virginia), Po boys (Louisiana), Fajitas (Texas). a) Apple Pie is considered to be a European import and has come to impediment in America for centuries and been perfected over the years. An American Apple pie is unor nurturented and outlandish in appearance. b) New England Clam Chowder No trip to capital of Massachusetts is complete without a beseeming bowl of clam chowder. A proper chowder is deep and aromatic, with layered flavors atop a porky foundation (Bonne, 2009) c) Pastrami (New York) Pastrami is mans mastery over meat.It begins with a simple slab / plate of meat a cut which is different from the grill-and-serve of the obvious hunk of a cow, needs the very much needed transformation. It is then subjected to a dry cure process season with a good portion of cracked black pepper and perhaps with a little sugar and spice which rest on the meat as it is left to be smoked. When it is finally ready- whole pastramis are sloshed for sort of a few hours before serving. d) Shoofly pie (Pennsylvania) is a fruity pie and quite a tasty one.It is crusty with molasses and crumbs. The crumbs add texture to the dense and rustic pie rich with molasses in taste. According to popular Amish folklore one is reminded of the fact that the name derives itself from an activity that refers to the constant need to shoo away flies from these plushy and juicy sweet treats atop which are the generous pools of molasses that lay formed. d) Po-boys (Louisiana) This a generally considered a workaday food meant for hungry and hardworking throng trying to meet ends.Its discovery is attributed to two brothers viz. , genus Benzoin and Clovis Martin, who ran a restaurant in the citys French Market. have a Po-boy is quite an unforgettable sandwich treat. WORKS CITED Ikerd, John (2009) The American Food Culture Retrieved on 29th May, 2009 <http//www. kerrcenter. com/nwsltr/2005/spring2005/food_culture. htm> Bonne, Jon (2005) 10 Foods that make America great Retrieved on 29th May, 2009. < http//www. msnbc. msn. com/id/8392312//>

The Place I Have Visited for Holiday

The Place I Have Visited For Holiday Last Chinese newly Year would be my first hotshot week break by and by entering the life of a college student. It was such a pleasant meliorate because I do not think I could take an early(a)(prenominal) pressure after my mid-term examination. My friends from other colleges were also having their break from college so all(prenominal) of us contumacious to go for a short catch to Pulau Pinang. in that respect were a total of nine people including myself. Originally, we planned to take the ready to Pulau Pinang plainly they were knocked out(p) of tickets due to the festive celebration.So we took the bus instead. On our authority there, the bus made a pit stop at Tapah. most of my friends went down because it was just so cold on the bus scarcely I decided to stay in. As the bus started to continue the move to Pulau Pinang, I realised that my friends were not on the bus. And then I standard a phone call from one of my friends saying tha t they were left behind. I quickly went to the driver to ask him to pull over so that my friends could encounter up and prevail on the bus. Luckily, they were not too far behind.The locomote took about six hours due to heavy rain. We reached Butterworth at around dawn. after(prenominal) that, we had to take the ferry to cross over to other side to get to Batu Ferringhi, Pulau Pinang. We were all really excited to finally arrive in Pulau Pinang but exhausted at the same time because of the long journey. So we decided to straight onward go to the guest house and check in. We spent the expect of the afternoon getting some rest before heading out to the beach which is just in front of the place we were staying at.After enjoying the view and playing some volleyball at the beach, we went for dinner at Gurney Drive. There was a wide variety of food to choose from. Each and every one of us bought different kinds of food then we exchange with each other and taste them. The food there w as very delicious and tasty. We even took away some, in case we get hungry later. Then all of us went for a walk at the Ferringhi Night Market. There were so umteen tourists walking around too. We stopped by Sixty Nine foyer to have some drinks before we head back to our guest house.The side by side(p) day we checked out around noon and we took a break back home. We reached Kuala Lumpur safely later that night. In conclusion of our short trip to Pulau Pinang, it was truly a memorable experience. Pulau Pinang is definitely one of the most well-favored cities in Malaysia. Pulau Pinang is also an exciting place to visit because it has so many another(prenominal) attractions to offer. There are so many things to see and so many other things to do. All in all, Pulau Pinang is surely an amazing place to go for a short trip or vacation.

Summary Response: Discrimination

JUST WALK ON BY stick you ever been obsessed by the fear of being different from different people? People usually give the wrong perception on the others based on their appearance, or their skin. In the expression Just bye on by, the uk/rhetorical-devices-in-night-walker-by-brent-staples/ source Brent Staples tells a grade about his accept experiences, which ar how he was discriminated because of his appearance a glum while. The story begins when the author was mistaken for a criminal due to his black skin by a white woman. Although Brent Staples was just a graduate student, whatever time he went to the public, almost everybody, especially the women tried to run a path(p) from him.Simply, he is black, and they considered that a black man could be a rapist, a mugger or worse. The readers can picture how a young black man is isolated from the public through the authors experiences being perceive as dangerous on the street, or being mistaken for a burglar at work. At the e nd, he found out that he was not able to change the bad perception on his black skin, so he learnt to write down use to it and tried to be successful. In response to the essay, there are three points that crossed my mind later read the article specifically, these are the discrimination, the compassion and carriages to get all everyplace the obstacles.Related essay On Compassion SummaryTo begin with, discrimination is the eldest issue which was pointed out very clearly in the article. Discrimination has lasted for numerous decades. There are legion(predicate) kinds of discrimination, much(prenominal) as skin colour, religion, study origin, and gender. Although umteen laws, controversies, demonstrations have exploded to against the discrimination, a lot of people are still suffering from that issue. The victims often receive the bad perceptions of the others on their induce appearances, and as the topics, they are not trusted by anybody or take down be considered as a cr iminal, and worse for the society.For example, the author was mistaken for a burglar at his workplace just because he is the black. He ultimately chose trying to be successful as a way to overpower the discrimination. However, how many people who are discriminated can be optimistic to get over their obstacles as Brent Staples did? The victims of discrimination usually feel stressed, depressed, and insulted, so its very hard to think of a positive way to over be it. Some of them choose to suicide or kill any people who hurt them. Obviously, they become worse as a result of discrimination.When we were born, nobody was able to choose our parents, skin colour or gender, so we have no rights to evaluate or give any distressing perception on other people based on their appearance. some other point that I want to share after reading the article is the compassion. Being discriminated by other people is the worst feeling in the world. As a person who comes from a poor country, I am ofte n affair of being discriminated. Im not black, scarce some people gave me the bad perception because they thought that I come from a poor country which means I have a poor education.Everything I have is worse than theirs. Moreover, I used to be discriminated by a Vietnamese who was born in the America. He usually makes fun of me because Im not good in English. As the results, Im often reluctant and feel shy when talking with a stranger in English. Back to the article, the authors story about discrimination reminds me of a poem I read many years ago COLOURED When I born, I Black, When I arrest up, I Black, When I go in Sun, I Black, When I scared, I Black, When I sick, I Black, And when I die, I still black, And you White fella,When you born, you Pink, When you climb up, you White, When you go in Sun, you Red, When you cold, you Blue, When you scared, you Yellow, When you sick, you Green, And when you die, you Gray, And you calling me Coloured ? This poem was written by an African child. Eventually, discrimination exists everywhere in the world. The black is usually distrusted in both workplaces and society. In Brent Staples story, til now though he had a good job in Chicago, he was still considered as a burglar. Not all glum people are bad and aggressive, and not all the white are good.Therefore, as sinister people, we should show the talents and call down our values to the world that everything white people do, we can do it, and even better. The final thing i learnt from the article is the ways to get over the discrimination. I really admire Brents spirit when he faced to his obstacles. He chose to avoid misunderstandings and tried to be successful as ways to against discrimination. Actually, in life, we can see a lot of coloured people who used to be discriminated proved their own values to the world.For example, Michael Jackson, Whitney Houston, Mariah Carey and many other celebrities have showed their talents and been admitted by the millions people in the world. Plus, recently, Barack Obama is the first coloured president of America. Nevertheless, beside positive sides, there are some people choosing controvert ways to overcome the discrimination. They suicide as a way to escape, or they kill anybody who hurts them. Sometimes, being friendly and optimistic is a good way to solve problems rather than being aggressive and pessimistic.Our skin colour doesnt make any senses the way we perceive and get over our obstacles go out make our own values. In conclusion, Im strongly against the discrimination, plainly I also sympathize with the author in the article, and I admire the ways he chose to get over the discrimination. There should have to a greater extent laws and organizations to support and protect people who are discriminated. Moreover, nobody have rights to evaluate or comment, especially discriminate other people based on their appearances. This world might be peaceful and happy if everyone lived by such tenets as Never cause discrimination between mankind and human.

Contractual and Non Contractual Liability Essay

I. Contract  A slue is an agreement having a true(a) object entered into voluntarily by dickens or more neighborhoodies, to from each unitary one of whom intends to create one or more legitimate certificate of indebtednesss between them. The elements of a contract be offer and acceptance by competent persons having legal capacity who exchange con fountration to create mutuality of obligation. Contracts whitethorn be bilateral or coloured. A bilateral contract is an agreement in which each of the parties to the contract makes a promise or set of promises to each other.For example, in a contract for the sale of a home, the buyer promises to take over the seller $200,000 in exchange for the sellers promise to introduce title to the property. These common contracts take place in the daily rate of flow of commerce transactions, and in cases with sophisticated or expensive promises may imply extensive negotiation and various condition precedent requirements, which are requirements that essential be met for the contract to be fulfilled. Less common are unilateral contracts in which one party makes a promise, but the other side does not promise any subject.In these cases, those accepting the offer are not required to communicate their acceptance to the offeror. In a proceeds contract, for example, a person who has lost a dog could promise a reward if the dog is found, by publication or orally. The payment could be to boot conditioned on the dog being returned alive. Those who learn of the reward are not required to search for the dog, but if someone finds the dog and delivers it, the promiser is required to pay. Elements At common law, the elements of a contract are offer, acceptance, use to create legal relations, and consideration.Offer and acceptance In order for a contract to be formed, the parties essential reach mutual assent. This is typically reached through offer and an acceptance which does not set out the offers terms, which is cognize as the mirror image rule. If a purported acceptance does vary the terms of an offer, it is not an acceptance but a counteroffer and, therefore, simultaneously a rejection of the original offer. Intention to be legally bound In technical agreements it is presumed that parties intend to be legally bound unless the parties expressly enunciate the reverse as in a heads of agreement document.For example, an agreement between two business parties was not enforced because it contained an honor clause which stated the parties tender that the agreement not be reviewed or enforced by a court. In contrast, domestic and social agreements such as those between children and parents are typically unenforceable on the basis of public policy. For example, a conserve agreed to give his wife $100 a month firearm he was away from home, but the court refused to enforce the agreement when the husband stopped paying.Consideration is something of value given by a promissor to a promisee in e xchange for something of value given by a promisee to a promissor. Typically, the thing of value is a payment, although it may be an act, or solitaire to act, when one is privileged to do so, such as an adult refraining from smoking. This thing of value or forbearance from some legal right is considered to be a legal detriment. In the exchange of legal detriments, a quite a little is created.II. Contractual Liability Contractual financial obligation, is exactly as it sounds. A contract is a legal binding agreement between two or more persons. When you sign, or agree to the terms of a contract, then you encounter accepted the contractual liabilities set forth in the document. Liabilities are things that you peck be held accountable for, and may shake to repay or replace, in the event that they occur. For example, a renters agreement may state that, If upon moving out of the premises stated in the contract, any part of the premises is destroyed, you may be accountable for an d have to pay to repair, or replace the damage. Contractual liability (or liability because of a contract) has a very broad meaninga promise that may be enforced by a court.Consider the following simple example. I agree to paint your house for $1,000 and collect $500 prior to the job. after I accept the $500, I obtain a more mercenary offer and never show up to paint your house. You empennage go to court and claim the $500 you paid me, as I have breached the contract. Your claim is a contractual liability claim. Contractual liability can take many forms, but is basically holds you accountable for regaining that are stated in the contract. Another example can be a publishing contract. If you are found guilty of plagiarism, the publisher is not accountable for the act.It is your contractual liability, to release the publisher from fault, and take it yourself. In a nutshell, contractual liability, is anything that you agree to in the terms set forth in a contract. Before entering i n to any contract, if you do not discover the terms, consult with an attorney.III. Non-contractual liability The term non-contractual liability can be delineate as tort liability. Tort liability is legal obligation of one party to a victim as a results of a civilised wrong or injury. This action requires some form of remedy from a court system.A tort liability arises because of a combination of outright violating a persons rights and the transgression of a public obligation causing damage or a private wrongdoing. Evidence must be evaluated in a court hearing to identify who the tortfeasor/liable party is in the case. Some torts are also crimes guilty with imprisonment, the primary aim of tort law is to provide relief for the damages incurred and deter others from committing the same harms. The injured person may sue for an requirement to prevent the continuation of the tortious conduct or for monetary damages.For example, a factory was built in A village. Then this factory rel eases so much smoke and waste which can harm to human health and environment. Therefore, this factory has to take responsible for her releasing. Among the types of damages the injured party may recover are loss of earnings capacity, pain and suffering, and reasonable medical expenses. They include both present and future expected losses. Torts fall into terzetto general categories intentional torts (e. g. , intentionally hitting a person) negligent torts (e. g. causing an accident by failing to obey traffic rules) and strict liability torts (e. g. , liability for making and selling defective products). Intentional torts are any intentional acts that are reasonably foreseeable to cause harm to an individual, and that do so. Negligence is a tort which depends on the existence of a shift of the duty of care owed by one person to another from the thought of a reasonable person, it is just carelessness not intention. Strict liability wrongs do not depend on the degree of carefulness by the defendant, but are established when a particular action causes damage.

Pain and Passion

Pain and Passion was a strong topic. The class was divided into pairs to fasten on a 50-minute lesson linking with pain and passion. Two turn techniques had to be introduced. After each(prenominal) lesson a five minute debrief took place. We were given two lessons of training time and had to work to a time plan.I knew it would take a lot of effort to run a lesson. I chose a local issue sparking off lots of strong opinions. My lesson was about spontaneous abortion. I tangle it tied in rise with pain and passion. The pain being a childs life was at risk due to the night of passion.I wasnt rootage to lead the class so I listened attentively to what criticism was target for contendd during the debrief. I learnt from others mistakes. One of the things I found was that a lesson should be expressed by dint of different scenarios, keeping the classs attention.I set the photo with a young couple, Sarah and Jake, who were in a crisis. The crisis being, should have an abortion or no t.The first variance of my timeplan was explaining the situation and then asking the class to establish, what verbalise of mind Sarah was in. The ideas were to be expressed through stylistic manoeuvre utilize unmatchable drama technique or more. In other lessons more time was stageed out on planning helping to produce true drama pitchs from the class. I decided to have more time spent on planning rather than performing.The second part consisted of what if Sarah had the abortion or didnt. In each scenario there had to be a wakeless and hurtful side. The good side of having or not having the abortion was to be shown through dream sequence and the bad side of having or not having the abortion shown through nightm atomic number 18 sequence.I thought I planned my lesson closely considering I was on my own.I wasnt prepared for the lesson I took the class. I had forgotten my watch and my partner was away leaving me to be the teacher. One benefit can be to go over my planning strategies.I relaxed and turn to the class with a BBC accentThe first piece of drama was on Sarahs state of mind. The class planned their pieces quite well only if the pieces were dead giving me more time. One base had only four people. many another(prenominal) people think more people in a free radical make a better drama piece. This group proved it wrong.The drama piece was very distinctive. The other groups showed one feeling passim their drama. This play showed how Sarah was happy at the thought of being a mother and wistful at the thought of having a child to bring up. As the teacher I was able to see abortion through other peoples eyes. severally student had a major role to play especially female horse as Sarah. Its really hard to change expressions every second but she made it look so slowly. Everyone got involved and this boosted my confidence as a teacher to see that they were enjoying the lesson.The other half of the lesson went perfectly. The class had to use th e drama techniques I set, dream and nightmare sequence. Everyone performed well due to good planning.Scarlets group did a nightmare sequence about Sarahs life with a baby. It was a negative outlook on having children. There were strong ideas expressed throughout the play. The audience was able to see how having a baby at a young age was stressing and sometimes left with no financial or emotional support. It was an excellent piece of drama.I think I showed good teaching skills. I was quite patient but I matte it was quite difficult to keep the class quiet even when face lifting my voice. I went round to see if there were any problems and keeping form of time, which is a vital part of teaching. One of the hardest things was the way I had to deal out the class. I had to rate out of the role of a friend and step in as a teacher. When it came to commenting on a drama piece I had to use excellent rather than wicked. The lesson was very packed with things to do and this rank off a fe w students from working. In future I would wispy everything down slightly.Apart from that everything went according to plan.Rochelle and Yasmins lesson was very valuable. Rochelle explained everything whilst Yasmin organised the lesson. Yasmin is normally the quieter one but in her lesson she was very confident. Their topic was about war. War is believably what the news is all about. There is so much of it, people are forgetting about those in need. The main theme of the lesson was we should be grateful for how well off we are and think about others before worrying over small problems.The lesson began with a piece about a boy escaping from war to a new area. I took on the main role as the boy. We were playing basketball when I got the ball and everyone was telling me to shoot. We used flashbacks to show how the boy was told in his homeland to kill his own flesh and blood. We were demo the pressures of war. I was very enthusiastic about everything.Next we did hotseating. We questi oned people part of the army in Africa. We asked why many boys were forced to go to war. It sparked a lot of debating.Rochelle and Yasmin were good teachers. I enjoyed myself whilst I was learning. They were role models for good teachers.I think being a teacher was a worthwhile experience. sometimes we forget to realise what teachers do to provide good education. This topic was a good way to see that teaching is not as easy as it may look. It takes a lot of hard work and ampere-second% commitment.Through this topic I have more respect for teachers.

Notes on Religious Views on Life After Death Essay

Question is What be we do of and what survives later on curioing of the frame. If anything survives how much of the veritable identity of that person survives and in what organise? People try to state this byBelieving in a superior being who has communicated a promise Gathering data nearly LAD near finish experiences, past life memories that suggest conversion, the para-normal Accepting no life after finale we are matter and return to matter and be practice crock up of the wider world over again Exploring ideas about the nature of frame and soul about the Nazareneians believe death is the event that rushs sense of our previous lives and the incriminateing of death itself is changed in the promise of constant life. John Hick, it should not evoke the skanky fear with which we face what we know to be evil It is a brimming stage in the outworking of the Creators loving purpose for his children.SOURCES Revealed acquaintance The Bible, Quran, Torah etc which tel l us of the events others impart experienced and what they claim and to those who accept them as revealed knowledge this gives certainty. Christians believe that delivery boy was and is theology Incarnate, so if he promises eternal life to his followers, he mustinessiness be trusted. Similarly Muslims trust the vaticinator Mohammed as Allahs chosen messenger and as he has mouth of paradise, then thither must be such a place. illative Knowledge Reasoning that the ideas expressed explain so much that they must be true even if theres no confirmation = a look. Hindus do not be in possession of any promise in scripture, unless they trust their deity loves them and so will e divinity to them upon death.In neither case is there absolute proof the worshiper trusts that it is true.Religious views Christian Old Testament good and bad akin to go to Sheol as ghostlike exclusives Job 14.7-12 Theres intrust is a tree is cut down as buds abide heighten from the trunk but man lies down and does not rise again. further he likewise believes that if he has a personal descent with beau ideal which is beyond the trials of this life he will be with God at the end.New Testament the crucifixion and resurrection of Christ is at the internality of the belief in LAD,. saviors promise to the good footpad crucified with him This day you will be with me in paradise only appears in the Gospel of Luke indicates that he believes in the possibility of paradise for the righteous and the repentant. However the translation of paradise could overly refer to a pleasant place. Jesus referred to heaven as the place where God lived Our Father which art in heavenBook of Revelations contains visions of Saints whose bloody robes have been washed clean in the blood of the lamb (Christ) in a heavenly city, the new Jerusalem. It is arrive at there is a heaven after death, which is separate from the last judgment, also known as the second coming, which will happen at the end of time.The term eschatalogical gap refers to the gap between whats in the record book and the precise details of the afterlife Purgatory Roman Catholics only slew have to atone for sin before they fucking enter heaven no scriptural evidence for this idea Limbo not in electric current use, but Catholics used to believe the unbaptised or good tidy sum whod never heard of Jesus would go here. Protestants believed such people would go straight to hell as God would have called those to be saved. One reference in Peters letters The pot liquor who are in prison Reincarnation some Christians have accepted this in the past but not currently in use.Catholics in particular value appearances by Mary (Lourdes, Fatima etc) and other saints after their death as confirming an after life.Quakers religious body without creeds and so menage beliefs on experience, life experience varies and therefore so do views on LAD. Three main views bit these are not fixed, all beliefs are persona l. 1. The good we have done (and possibly the evil) lives on after we have gone in the lives of those affected this might be as memories or as the impact of deeds 2. Survival of the Human Spirit as a continuation of this life in a eldritch body (St capital of Minnesotas term). Some also believe in reincarnation 3. Acceptance of heaven and hell as destinations after death but belief in a Loving God and redemption by dint of Christ means hell cannot be eternal Personal conclusions about LAD are based on individual experiences of the Love of God in this life in spite of the experience of suffering.Therevada Buddists Nirvana achieved in this life, without substrate and so continuing to live in bodily form is described as a set of qualities in The Questions of King Milinda. He asks Nagasena whether he can compare it to anything in this world to help him understand. Nagasena says it cant be compared to anything, but its qualities can. E.g As a lotus is unsustained by water, so Nirvana is unsustained by all the defilementsIslam God has a conception for the whole universe and all human beings At the day of view to whole universe will be destroyed and the dead increase to stand before him That day will be the beginning of an sodding(a) life on which every individual will be judged and rewarded by God according to their deeds. The Quran argues that life after death is vital of make sense of morality. If there is no afterlife then a belief in God is irrelevant.Hindus believe in certain heavenly states, notably Goloka, Krishnas heaven for devotees, but there is little justification in scripture. Hindus believe as a God loves his people he must be good to them when they die.The Resurrection of the Body Key Christian belief is that the individual survives as an individual. Also that the individual is judged as a individual Jesuss resurrection and ascension is the model we will follow as he was sent to show us the way, the truth and the light.. The Apostles and Nicene Creed twain affirm belief in the resurrection of the dead and the life of the world to come Tey also refer to the communion of saints which refers to the Church as one body uniting those in heaven and those on earth. The point of the Creed is to beef up belief in the face of challengesChristians believe that man can be saved as a whole, body and soul man can glorify God through his body as he is made in the image of God, the body can become a pay to God and also a dwelling place of the holy Spirit, (Corinthians 6.19-20,Do you not know that your bodies are temples of the Holy Spirit, who is in you, whom you have received from God?). Also Christ at the Last Supper gave his Body and Blood as a means of salvation, so the human body is important On the same day as jesuss resurrection Matthews gospel reports dead prophets rising from their graves indicating a bodily resurrection.Paul speaks of us dying and rising with Christ in Baptism as a spiritual experience (Romans 6.5-11) but he is clear that the body will be resurrected after death however in 1 Corinthians 15-50 he also says flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God. Irenaeus and Tertullian both interpret this to mean that flesh is resurrected for judgment and that the Spirit must be present in the flesh to enter heaven. The Creed also affirms belief in the Holy Spirit.1 Corinthains 15.35-50 Paul is asked How are the dead raised? He uses the comparison of a seed and a bulb to show that something completely different can arise from a source. At h time there was a commonly held belief that the flesh would be resurrected the corpse Paul tried to make it clear that the body refers to the whole personality and person, both inner and outer. Through Adam we are part of the physical subject and through Christ we are part of the spiritual sphere Christ was man and God together we are physical body and spiritual body together. Paul does not describe the spiritual body.

Business Management Essay

agree to Joss (2001),a set of rules or strategies ar used to defy and direct by an organization effectively and efficiency, manpower is involved to shit together in an organization to achieve a common direction continuously. Different skills argon required and performed by a autobus, such as leadership skills, organizational skills, etc. Particular person, in an organization, should shoulder the responsibility and produce results is called manager. Managers require specific experience and qualification, to make any of import decisions and lead their teams to accomplish a goal. Management are classified into quartet levels, they are top managers, middle managers, first-line managers and non-managerial employees respectively. (Oxford, 2009 Joss,2001)Functions of managementThere is a hertz of four manipulations of management forwards achieving the stated mission, they are planning, organizing, leading as well as controlling.Planning is one of the functions that preparing and evaluating what and how they can improve to do even better. They can plan for the desired achievement or immix their current structure. Organizing is a way to utilize resources and guide the manpower in a specific way, since investment and employees are very decisive for happy organizations. Leading is the exceed way to influence and coordinate the workers, as the managers prompt their left-right hands. Motivation means the managers inspire and persuade them to do their best in a happy way. Controlling is the final step amongst four functions. The managers monitor the current productivity and correct the mistakes or ways they perform. (Tripathi and Reddy, 2008)Q2According to Mintzberg (1990), the managers are grouped into ten roles by three main categories. They are Interpersonal roles, Information roles and decisional roles.Analyzing a manager Richard BransonWhen I reviewed the functions, roles and skills, there is no denying I admire a manager Richard Branson a plenit ude, who is the founder and manager of Virgin Group. He is approximately 63 years old now, he experienced nearly 47 years in different categories of business. They are record stores, air travel, soft drinks, radio, c accordhing, holidays, etc. The reason he could declare business in different sectors, because he performs different managerial skills and roles, principally use interpersonal skills and conceptual skills. (Branson,2007)Although Richard Branson did not form any grand plans at the beginning, he performed the function of planning to define the missions for his business, especially his airline. He wants to make his airline growth with revenue, to drive the passengers to their destinations and the employees are satisfied to cling and work for the companies. (Virgin Atlantic, 2013)For the interpersonal skills, he has very good relationship with his make employees. To be a good leader you have to be a great listener. said by Richard Branson. No doubt, he doesnt merely require employees to treat the customers well, but also openly listen to the employees ideas, in order to correct the existence problems and bombing new ideas for future day integration. He creates new business by communicating with workers. Even though Branson has to a greater extent than 200 cabin crew, he still spends time with them, listen to their requests. Because he thinks it would be the best way leading them to work in a delighted environment is a business, solving the obstacles would not be the tho situation. (Branson,2012)For the conceptual skills, he has unique business sense of sustaining and integrating his business. For instant, before he established Virgin Atlantic, he was doing the business of Virgin euphony successfully. A lawyer persuaded Richard to invest in airlines he was taking risks of promising, as he has no experience. However, he analyzed every risk, strategies and possibility of earning bullion after making up his mind he even performed the function o f organizing that thinking of the year plan and finding out the reasons why the competitors offered the marketplace prices that low. Until now, Virgin Atlantic is the second largest airlines in the UK. (Branson,2009)In reality, most of the businessmen may not accept this challenge, because they want to ensure the risks are trim than the pass offs before taking any plans. Richard Branson used to equip himself with different monetary perspectives therefore, he can make a right decision quick than a normal businessman and this shows that he was performing decisional roles. (Branson,2009)Although Richard Branson has a lot of insight of different perspectives, he would sometimes face the failure. He would wish to compete with Coca-Cola and Pepsi for launching Virgin Coke. Nevertheless, he underestimated his competitors, as the localisation of function dissemination is crucial to drinks industry. Therefore, he performed his function of controlling and the skills of managing change s, to correct the mistakes they made. He changed the location from the USA to Bangladesh and was being the best cola drink there. (Branson,2009)Q3Reflection of myselfIt is come-at-able that everyone would possess managerial skills, including myself. I do possess human skills, conceptual skills and technical skills.However, no matter what my job position is, the degree of avouching these skills is not the same.If I contend to rank three of them, interpersonal skills would have the strongest degree. I have communication skills and leading function. As I have to suffer the responsibility to other committees and negotiate with suppliers to reduce our costs therefore, my communication skills have been greatly improved by being figurehead and negotiator. Besides, I need to help keeping a good relationship with the external world.Additionally, I have the function of organizing and the skills and roles of decision-making as well. Being the leader in a team, I have to allocate works to m y teammates as a result, I need to organize all the plans before delivering to anyone. Besides, I faced a lot of obstacles, which are in sudden. If the original plan is not working, I need to perform the function of controlling, to think of another most adapted plan immediately.My conceptual skills should be enhanced, such as predict the future economy situation accurately or invest any properties in a smart way, as integrating our business is the most square part of upholding current and achieving goals. I would like to be the top manager in next five years or more, who will own at least few shops. Knowing how to calculate the expected return rate and risk would be the first step. Therefore, I would like to apprehend how I could buy any properties without apply my own money, but using the earned profits to invest and earn new profits.It seems my thoughts can be easily accomplished in words, but different skills are involved. Therefore, I should start understanding the pious pl atitudeers thought and how is the banking systems working, and then I could negotiate with them fluently. Because loans from the bank may be the helping hands of my first business.However, my technical skills are not good enough. Lacking of the knowledge of advanced technology and exceptional software system, my technical skills should be enriched as well. Although technical skills are very crucial to some managers, I will not put a lot of effort on learning them. Because first-line manager can be hire for monitoring the daily processing systems yet, I should learn how to use software to read the financial statement and make proper decision for expanding my business.Additionally, I should briefly know the transactions processing as well, to prevent the employees from making their own interests. Last but not least, employees are the assets of my company I should learn how to use the best resources and people with the lowest costs to pass on the productivity and achieve my goals.I n conclusion, management is very crucial to an organization. As people cannot entirely perform all the functions, roles and skills in a specific position, managers are required to shoulder their responsibility continuously to help achieving the delimit mission. Besides, reflecting our strengths and weaknesses would be other criteria to run successful business.Bibliography Branson,R. , 2007. avocation the Richard Branson Way 10 Secrets of the Worlds wideest Brand Builder. 3rd Edition. Great Britain The hit-or-miss House Group Limited. Brason,R. , 2009. Losing My Virginity The Autobiography. Great Britain The Random House Group Limited. Branson,R. ,2009. Business Stripped Bare. Great Britain The Random House Group Limited. Branson,R. , 2012. Like A Virgin Secrets They Wont Teach You At Business School. Great Britain The Random House Group Limited. Joss,R.L.,2001.Management. Australian Journal of Management, e-journal 26,p.89, Available by London School of Economics and Pol itical Science < http//www2.lse.ac.uk/library/home.aspx> Accessed 2February 2013. Oxford, 2009. Dictionary of Business and Management. United States Oxford University Press. Tripathi,P.C. and Reddy,P.N. ,2008. Principles of Management. 4th Edition. India The McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited. Mintzberg,H. ,1990. Mintzberg on Management Inside Our Strange World Of Organization. United States of America The poverty-stricken Press. Virgin Atlantic,2013. Our Mission Statement. online Available at< http//www.virgin-atlantic.com/en/gb/allaboutus/missionstatement/index.jsp> Accessed 13 February 2013.

Definition of Literature Essay

lit has umteen meanings but to me when I hear the parole literary productions I think of large tomes of words and stories that agree become classics over time however this is only one definition of literary works. Literature comes from that Latin word littera, that directly translated means letter, thus supporting the idea that literature is written. This celestial horizon however leaves out the idea that there fuel be spoken literature as well from which many of our stories and books come from.The main dust of literature, the book, has had a gravid impact upon the formation of our society today. Before the 1940s TV had non come into being yet and there was not much else to do other than read books. Thus books formed my grandp bents and to some(a) extent my parents and, although I grew up in the generation of TV, books as literature have indirectly formed me as well. There also can be forms of artistic literature such as poetry or play writing.These also play an meaning( a) part in literature, I believe, such as Robert frosts poems or the works of Shakespeare the playwright. These are great authors, whose literature is not in the form of a great story or a moving novel, but in bit works that have stayed with us for a long time many years. I believe that one very good definition of literature given to us in class is that literature must have certain qualities such as plot, characters, modulate, symbols, conflict, point of view, and many other elements workings together in a dynamic relationship to produce a literary work.This pretty much defines the way that most people involve literature today. This allows for oral traditional stories as well as for the second gear forms of writing such as plays and poems that can also have plot, characters, tone and the other elements mentioned so that they can be deemed a literary work.I think that literature is very important and can be a lot of fun too if you let it be. It is a good judicial decision exerc ise so that after you have watched too much TV you can stretch your brain a little by nurture a good novel or collection of poems. Literature is an important part of any society and will be around for a very long time no matter how much applied science advances.

Panasonic and Japans Changing Culture Essay

In lacquer in 1918 Konosuke Matsushita founded Matsushita Electric a consumer electronics lodge which is known today as Panasonic. Panasonic has offices in 58 dissimilar countries and is regarded as one of the worlds largest electronics companies. (Panasonic, 2013)Panasonic akin many an another(prenominal)(prenominal) Nipponese companies was established on a Confucian value system. The Confucian value system consists of three main elements reciprocal obligations, honesty and devotion. These elements assortment a majority of handed-down Japanese values. (Smits, 2010) Hofstede, even though his course has been criticised, recognised some significant aspects of Japanese g rednessiness. These aspects included steep irresolution avoidance, high masculinity and a swing towards collectivism. These aspects as well contribute by and large to impostal Japanese values. These values were represented in such(prenominal) policies as lifetime exercising and generous retirement bonuse s. (Hofstede, 2013)Howalways destinations argon dynamic, they deviate over time. The major shift in Japanese culture occurred during the 1990s, which was in general attributed to the alternate in perspective of the gene balancen born after(prenominal) 1964. This remove was evident in 1999 when Panasonic gave its newborn employees a decision mingled with antithetical employment packages. The first package gave the employees a large retirement bonus, abide housing and services and company social events. The second package gave the employees the corresponding perks except instead of a retirement bonus a big beginning salary. The third package gave the employees an even larger still starting salary how perpetually none of the other benefits. In contradiction to traditional values 41% of new employees chose the second package. (Hill, 2011) This shows a move forth from high uncertainty avoidance which was triggered by an growing in amount wealth and a move towards indiv idualism.The primary criticism of this generation was their overlook of commitment to traditional Japanese values in comparison with their parents. single of the more perceptible trades was a switch from a collectivist culture to a more individual culture. (Hill, 2011) It has been theorised that on that point is a correlation between sparing development and a shift towards anindividualistic society. This theory correlates with the bind which states that a cause for the shift is the fact that the generation born after 1964 grew up in an economically richer society. This shift also affected organisational truth in the form of people changing jobs with greater frequency than ever before. (Reiner, 1991)This shift in the paradigm of Japanese cultural values has an final result on traditional values. The modernised value system in pith is polar opposite to traditional values which were achieved by a fill in cultural shift. Which in turn insinuates that the further the culture e volves the less tradition is left in the value system, if trends current stay constant. This shift in cultural dynamics changes the undercurrents of doing care line organisation in Japan. A major change is overtaking to be retention of employees. This is due(p) to the switch from collectivism to individualism and the decrease in personal identification based on company strata in conjunction with decreased company loyalty. The implication of this is companies are handout to have to build their HR departments and find ways to lower employee dollar volume to reduce training costs. However if trends continue the average worker is going to have an increased understanding of a wide range of markets due to numerous career changes which allow firms access to a greater compute of ideas to cope with increasingly dynamic business conditions. If companies want to optimise the new cultural principles of lowered uncertainty avoidance and the shift towards individualism they are going to h ave to encourage new mathematical product development and summarize funding to research and development. (Reid, 1999) Panasonic have already identified this and moving towards a greater turn of events of policies in this area. Panasonic have also identified the neglect of traditional aspects in the business environment and have implemented policies such as bonuses based on performance and the new employment package plans. (Hill, 2011) If uncertainty avoidance and individualism continue to increase to Western levels there may be an increase in start-up companies which would increase competition in the market and possibly decrease the market share of existing companies. These changes could also have been influenced by a greater presence of western culture within Japanese society. However there could be the adverse arrange of decreased productiveness attributed to a decrease in the number ofemployees having a personal identification with the company, decreased loyalty as well as a move away from reciprocal obligation and towards entitlement. This also work in the opposite direction and companies may not feel loyalty or obligation to Japanese employees and instead off-shore operations to lower remuneration countries in order to increase margins. (Reid, 1999)Between 1986 and 1989 there was a rapid acceleration of asset prices in Japan. This also caused uncontrolled credit amplification and money supply in addition with overheated economic activity. collectible to speculation and overconfidence of asset prices, the asset prices began to drop in 1991 and collapsed by 1992. The asset bubble collapse lasted for more than 10 years and was mostly referred to as the lost decade for Japan. This also led to economic stagnation and as result of lower authorize income Japanese families decided to pay off debts which caused a deflation spiral. (The Economist, 2010)Since these events the Japanese economy has struggled to recover. as yet though young decisions by the Japanese government has caused the Nikkei to recover slightly it is before long most a third of the value it was in 1990. Currently the cash pose in Japan is 0% which means that changing monetary polity cannot increase GDP. This means that for Japan to obtain a substantial increase in GDP it has to increase its goods market. Japan has a debt to GDP ratio of 214% which is the highest in the world. (US CIA, 2013) Therefore an increase in consumption, investment or net exports is take to advance Japans economy. Panasonic as well as a number of other companies have realised this and has moved to encourage individualism. Individualism encourages entrepreneurship which currently could boost the Japanese economy if successful new product development takes place. (Saito, 2000)The traditional Japanese culture was a benefit to Panasonic during the period of 1950 to 1980. A group orientated culture assisted with strong aggroupwork between employees allowing greater productivity withi n the workplace. Due to the element of reciprocal obligation in the Confucian value system policies such as lifetime employment and cheap housing were seen as gifts and in reciprocation of these gifts employees worked harder. Loyalty compete a largepart in building strong business performance, this is because employees would stay in a business for the entirety of their career so they were able it learn all aspects of the business and better manage it. This amongst other factors also lead to identification with the business by employees, instead of lo whoopion I am a web developer they would say I am from Panasonic. This identification encouraged employees to work harder so that their company would succeed. A high uncertainty avoidance allowed managers to only take a calculated stake when the needed to, which reduced the companies liabilities. (Strath, 1996)However even though the traditional Japanese culture was a benefit to Panasonic in the period of 1950 to 1980 it was a oblig ation post 1989. Even though Confucian values encourage team work and other positive attributes it discourages individualism. During this time period due to the economic crisis in Japan Panasonic would if benefited more from an entrepreneurial drive towards new product development. A high uncertainty avoidance also meant that managers were not unforced to take risks unless they knew what the outcome was going to be, due to the economic pressures and heightened pace of change within the business community managers were less likely to change things in an environment where the only way to survive is change. During this time period business was becoming more dynamic due to globalisation and increased competitors which meant that Panasonic needed to change its strategy, however managers did not know how to do this because they had only ever worked in the one company and only knew one way of doing things. Panasonic alike other Japanese companies eventually had to lay people off and cut b enefits due to economic conditions. These acts were seen as a dismissing employees loyalty and to a point betrayal due to the strong identification with the company which caused productivity changes. (Huffman, 1997)In the last financial year Panasonic recorded a loss of 754 billion dollars and forecasts a loss of 765 billion dollars next financial year. Even though there is no best culture for a business environment, Japanese companies including Panasonic are move towards integrating the current cultural changes into their practices in order to achieve greater efficiency andproductivity. The question is will Japanese culture continue along its current trends or do an round face? (Panasonic, 2013)ReferencesHill, Challes. 2011. Gobal Business Today. 7th Edition. McGraw-Hill. Pp 125-128 Hofstede, Greet. 2013. Japan Geert Hofstede. ONLINE Available at http//geert-hofstede.com/japan.html. Accessed 24 August 2013. Huffman, James. 1997. Modern Japan An Encyclopedia of History, Culture, a nd Nationalism (Garland Reference library of the Humanities). Edition. Routledge. The Economist (US). 2010. Japan syndrome, the future of Japan. ISSN 0013-0613 Volume 397, Issue 8709, p. 18 Reiner, Thomas. 1991. Legacies and Ambiguities postwar Fiction and Culture in West Germany and Japan. 1 Edition. Woodrow Wilson Center Press. Panasonic. 2013. annual Report. ONLINE Available at http//panasonic.net/ir/annual/. Accessed 26 August 2013. Panasonic. 2013. orbicular Network Panasonic. ONLINE Available at http//www.panasonic.com/global/global-network.html. Accessed 22 August 2013. Reid, David. 1999. Changes in Japans Post-Bubble Business Environment Implications for Foreign-Afflilated Companies. Journal of International Marketing, Vol. 7, no 3, pp. 38-63 Saito, Mitsuo. 2000. The Japanese Economy (Economic Ideas Leading to the 21st Century). Edition. World Scientific pub Co Inc. Smits, Gregory. 2010. Economic Thought in Early Modern Japan (Monies, Markets, and Finance in East Asia, 1600-1900). Edition. Brill Academic Pub. Strath, Bo. 1996. The Organization of sweat Markets Modernity, Culture and Governance in Germany, Sweden, Britain and Japan (Routledge Explorations in Economic History). annotated mutant Edition. Routledge. United States Central Intelligence Agency. 2013. The World Factbook, Public Debt. ONLINE Available at https//www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2186rank.html. Accessed 22 August 2013.

Compare and contrast the benefits of online and conventional classes Essay

It seems that technology is increase, improving and changing at an exponential rate. Technology now affects every part of our lives. One of the major(ip) beas that has been affected by technology is grooming. The advancement of technology has recently allowed for education to be subd in an online setting instead of in a conventional classroom setting. Both are great guidances to hear an education. They both strive for the same purpose, which is to help students reach their goal during college or universities. Although online and conventional class are great, they do differ in any(prenominal) elbow rooms. Whether you choose to attend classes online or in a handed-down bodily setting, you will be assigned homework to complete. Both types of students typically fork up Internet access, so websites ad research materials are equally functional for them to get information. Text books are still central to information relevant information, so they are same both learners to make s ure that in that location is no discrepancy in content. Online class also require to government issue course exam same as conventional class.Both types of learning rely on teacher, that they are distinct in the way students and teachers interacting with each other. Online students communicate with lecturers through e-mail while conventional classes allow for more direct interaction with faculty. Students who thrive on the quick transfigure of ideas between professor and students whitethorn find that they prefer the classroom surround than online class. On the other hand, students who experience anxiety when they are called on to express during class or are an introverts can enjoy the time to contrive on their responses and questions offered by an online class. Online education and traditional education are different on their cost. Online schools are less expensive, partly because students do not earn to pay for the facilities at school and added cost of everyday expenses. They can understand anywhere as long as they take a crap computer or internet access.Read Also Topic for Compare and Contrast seekHowever, the students who attend the school which implementing traditional education will spend practically more money. So, if students want to enjoy the facilities at school such as gym, libraries, dining halls and residence halls to be part of their college experience, they may want to trust attending the brick-and-mortar school. Online courses typically allow students to work asynchronously, which means that they can complete their coursework at the time and place of their choosing. This is often ideal for working students or single parents who need a flexible schedule. On the other hand, traditional classes might also be better for those who are not nice with time management and self-discipline. It is more difficult to ignore a growing pile of reading assignments when class meets regularly to talk about them.Deadlines may be easier to re member and motivation may come naturally with daily in-class reminders, peer pressure and set a schedule. To sum up, there are several similarities and differences between online class and conventional class. The similarities are both of these schools have homeworks, let students to learn and get information, while the differences are they way students and teachers interacting with each other, cost and the time of studying. Regardless of the similarities and differences that bring many benefits for people, but the key is to pick the type of program that works the best for you, your lifestyle and your schedule.

Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase Experiment

The experiment by Alfred Hershey and Martha groove apply bacteriophages, or viruses that tarnish bacteria and radioisotopes. Hershey and Chase already knew that viruses were composed mainly of desoxyribonucleic acid and protein however, they did not know if DNA or protein was the genetic material. Hershey and Chase used radioisotopes to mark the DNA and protein. They used the radioactive isotopes phosphorus and southward because DNA contains phosphorus and proteins contain sulfur. Using these radioactive isotopes gave them the ability to steal between the DNA and the protein.They rationalized that if they allowed ample time for a bacteriophage to contaminate a bacterial cell that the genetic material would be sight in the bacterial cell after the contamination. After allowing bacteriophages to infect the bacterial cells, they noticed that the radioactively labeled DNA was found inside the bacterial cell, and that the radioactively labeled protein was found outside of the bacte rial cell. Hershey and Chase cogitate that DNA was the genetic material that was introduced to the bacteria during contamination by a bacteriophage.Griffith worked with two different strains of Streptococcus pneumonia, a example S strain, and a type R strain. Type S bacteria were characterized by the origination of a polysaccharide, which allowed them to evade being attacked by the host cells immune scheme however, type R bacteria did not have such a polysaccharide capsule. Griffith injected type S bacteria into the mice. Due to the existence of the polysaccharide capsule, the type S bacteria were able to thrive in the mouses business stream. Therefore, the mouse died. Afterwards, Griffith injected type R bacteria into mice.Type R bacteria did not have the polysaccharide capsule so they were not able to cross the defenses by the host cells immune system. Consequentially, the mouse still survived because the bacteria were washed-up by the immune system. Next, Griffith added t he heat-killed type S bacteria into the mice. The bacteria were heat-killed former the injection into the mouse so the mouse survived. Finally, Griffith injected living type R bacteria and heat-killed type S bacteria into the mouse. Griffith discovered that the mouse died.He reason out that the living type R bacteria were altered into the type S strain. Evidently, the type R bacteria had developed genetic material from the heat-killed type S bacteria however, Griffith did not know what the genetic material was. Meselson and Stahl conducted experiments to construe whether or not DNA followed the semi conservativist, conservative, or dispersive simulate of replication. The semiconservative model states that the two daughter subatomic particles each consist of wizard old strand, from the parent, and one newly constructed strand.This is the model that is currently accepted. The conservative model states that the parent molecule is preserved after DNA replication. Lastly, the dispe rsive model states that each of the foursome strands has a mixture of old and new DNA after replication. Meselson and Stahls experiments involved radioisotopes. They cultivated bacteria into a spiritualist containing nucleotide precursors mark with Nitrogen-15. The bacteria combined the Nitrogen-15 into their DNA. The bacteria were then moved into a medium containing Nitrogen-14.Any recently made DNA would appear clearer than the parental DNA made in the medium containing Nitrogen-15. The contents of the container were positioned into two separate tubes and centrifuged. one(a) tube was centrifuged for 20 minutes and the other tube was centrifuged for 40 minutes. The world-class round of replication in the Nitrogen-14 medium produced hybrid DNA, which disregarded the conservative model. The second round of replication in the Nitrogen-14 medium produced both light and hybrid DNA. This rejected the dispersive model and reinforced the semiconservative model.

16th century Renaissance

ampere-second spiritual rebirth Art The 16th Century reincarnation st deviceed in the sasss and stop in the sasss. The prowess of the 16th Century rebirth was both spiritual and worldly. The 16th Century metempsychosis is when two actually eventful contrivance movements took place, tall Renaissance and worldly concernnerism. Everyone was starting to take an pursuit in the classical learning and values of ancient Greece and Rome. (The History carry on Website) They were many artist geniuses who emerged out of this art era.There were too many, grand art pieces that emerged out of this art era. At the beginning of the 16th century the uplifted Renaissance had started. This was also the time when Rome replaced Florence as an art epicenter. The gritty Renaissance is also when artist become aware of lines and depth in their artwork. This led to the discovery and the use of the one point perspective. The lavishly Renaissance artists became famous for putting windows of what is behind the horizon in the background of their artworks. The High Renaissance represented artists who wanted to do art their own way.The extravagantly Renaissance started in 1480 and continued on to about 1527. The high Renaissance as in Milan, Florence, Rome, and in Federal and central Italy. (Shelley Essay) This was the time to be an artist because everyone who was wealthy wanted art. Their many artist of this time frame, precisely the most famous artists are Michelangelo Bonaparte, Raphael Sansei and da Vinci ad Vinci. (Art Cyclopedia) After the High Renaissance ended the Mannerism movement came about. It came about in the sasss and ended around the sasss. Mannerism was known for its formulaic, theatrical and overly stylized work.Mannerism art pieces are usually pieces of human forms in unrealistic settings. Mannerism is also known for its much limitation. This is also the time that women start being utilise as muses for artists. (Art Cyclopedia) It developed in Florence a nd Rome and then spread to northern and central Europe. Paintings contained artificial color and unrealistic spatial proportions. Figures were often extensive and exaggerated, the poses were creative and complex poses. Works of the movement are often unsettling and hostile because of the Reformation, the plague, and the sack of Rome. The History Channel Website) There were a lot of important artist who emerged from this finale, but the most famous artist would be Leonardo Ad Vinci. Leonardo De Vinci was born in 1452, in Florence and died in 1519 in France. He was an artist and inventor. He is known as the Renaissance Man because he was an inventor, scientist, sculptor, and a great artist. Ad Vinci had many famous works. peerless of his most famous works is the Last Supper (1495-98). The last supper is a image of the last meal Jesus shared with his apostles. It also shows Jesus isolated, quartette groups of threes and Judas in the shadows clutching money. The History Channel Web site) Another famous piece by Ad Vinci as the Mona Lisa(1 503-05), which is a motion picture of a woman. This painting would be an example of Mannerism art. Ad Vinci was also famous for the The Virgin of the Rocks (1485). around other great artists were Michelangelo Bonaparte (1475-1564), and Raphael Sansei(1483-1 520). Michelangelo was famous for painting the Sistine Chapel ((1508-12) and sculpting the David in his native Florence (1501-04). Raphael Sansei was famous for the The School of Athens (1508-11). The School of Athens shows philosophers such(prenominal) as Pluto coming together.Another great artist of 16th Century was Titan Meeting of Bacchus and Ordained (1 522), he was famous for using affluent luminous colors. (The History Channel Website) One of the most important art pieces of the 16th Century Renaissance was the Sistine Chapel (1508-04) architecture. The Sistine Chapel took a period of four years to paint. It was pied by Michelangelo Bonaparte. The Sistine Chapel is a painting of a few scenes of Genesis, from the bible. One of the scenes was the Creation of Adam. (The History Channel Website) Michelangelo painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel for the Pope Sixths V.Also, along with ceilings of the Sistine Chapel, the side walls are festooned with frescoes of Moses and christ and portraits of popes. (The New World Encyclopedia) Another important art piece or architecture of the 16th Century Renaissance was the SST. Peter Cathedral in Rome. The old SST. Peter Cathedral was constructed in honor of the apostle SST. Peter, the starting line bishop and first Pope. The original was constructed by Constantine. The SST. Peter Cathedral in Rome was to be renovated, ordered by Pope Julius II. During its renovation it was directed more towards a Latin style but, then

A Study on the Relevance of Punctuality, Completeness and Accuracy

A Study on the Relevance of Punctuality, Comple disco biscuitess, Accuracy and ossification to Requirements in the intriguerural Profession AbstractThe decoratorural Profession is God-like. Being a lord, an decorator is known as a deviseer of his world. Basically he is adept to radiation diagram, to plan and to construct buildings and human settlements. The practice of an couturier, where architecture means to lead or render professional attends in connection with the excogitate and construction of a building, or group of buildings and the space within the tallyice surrounding the buildings, that have as their principal purpose human tenancy or map.A central issue in architectural profession is cadence supervisement and die hard ability of an architect. The researcher noted all the staple fibre ethics of an architect. Being promptness is one of the crumbonical. Architects ar professionals who deal with professionals most of the quantify. Time is always of the essence. You have to transact at the agreed eon always. Any delay ca utilize on your part is an inconvenience to the other party. Completeness and true statement ethics can be performed at plow with full of effort. Completeness and accuracy ramp up the design perfect. Conformance to requirements is besides indeed part of the basic ethics of an architect.Accomp some(prenominal)ing material HR Profession MapConformance to requirements is the capability to look out all existing laws or decrees that were designed or enacted to serve the benefit of the majority. In conforming to requirements, an architect assures the safety of life and property snarly particularly in architectural designs. It all boils down to professionalism. Keywords Professionalism, punctuality, completeness, accuracy, architecture, ethics, conformance, creator, capability, relevance. Introduction The UAP (United Architects of the Philippines) Architects National Code Document Series 200 entails the computer code of ethical comport.It includes the architects responsibilities in relation to the people, to his clients, contractor, manufacturers, dealers and agents, relation to his colleagues and subordinates. These responsibilities cannot get up to an architect unless he has moral values, passion, confidence and respect to the charge he chose. But what is a name without a good attitude? The architect should know the importance of punctuality so that his work will be presented on the appointed date. His operate should meet the necessity of his client it ust be complete, accurate and conform to the requirements. 1 Objectives * To study the Importance of Punctuality, Completeness, Accuracy and Conformance to Requirements in Architectural Profession. * To know what are the right ethical conduct in Architectural Profession. 2 Methodology This study made expenditure of the descriptive method. * To gather information through inter last, books, media virtually the developing an dread of professional ethics. * Personal interview with the architects who have been practicing the architectural profession and cook on questions about the study. Output * To be able to pass a terminal figure paper about the Study on the Relevance of Punctuality, conformance, accuracy, and conformance to requirements in Architectural Profession. * To be able to form conclusions and recommendations about the topic. Content 1. Professionalism and ethical motive Architectural education should begin with students developing an understanding of professionalism and ethics. a. To students, develop the punctuality by attending the lectures in college on m or at least on the learning stage. b.A curricular framework that recognizes the importance of a broad education including planetary studies, architectural studies and electives. c. Knowledge of the diverse impoverishments, values, and behaviours that differentiate different cultures and the implications of this diversity on the community ro les and responsibilities of architects. d. Legal principles and ethical issues in practice. 2. The Architects Code of Ethics a. I shall work with this general objective which my duty is not besides to myself, but also to my domain and God. b.I shall up check off the ideals and follow the norms of conduct of a noble profession and unendingly endeavour to further its secure ends. c. I shall humbly seek victor not through the measure of solicited personal publicity, but by mobile application to my work, strive to merit a reputation for quality of service and for fair dealing. d. I shall ask from all, fair remuneration for my services magic spell expecting and asking no profits from any other source. e. I shall hold the interest of my Client over and above any self-interest for monetary returns. f.I shall exercise my professional prerogatives always with impartially and disinterestedness. g. I shall avoid any private business investments or venture which may tend to regularise my professional judgement to the detriment of the trust placed upon me. h. I shall stir up by my behaviour the loyalty of my associates and subordinates and takes upon me the mentorship of the aspirants to the profession. i. I shall confine my criticisms and praises within inferential and inspirational limits and never resort to these means to further malicious motives. j.I shall kick in myself to the pursuit of creative endeavour towards the goal of enlightened Art and Science, generously sharing with colleagues, friends and strangers alike the benefits of my experience and experiments. 3. The Importance of Punctuality Figure 1 A white businessman in a suit, holding a briefcase and sticking out from an arm of a cuckoo clock upon the arcminute of 9am, symbolizing punctuality. Punctuality is the most master(prenominal) habit that people need to develop. Its a great virtue to be present on the appointed clock time. A punctual person is always one tempo ahead of others.Frequen tly when a person say plan work and work plan. But if you fag outt start your work promptly, how can you beget a better person in your life? According to Arch. black lovage Timbang(2011), you have to manage your time, dont let time manage you. Be on time always. When at work, to give time for a meeting or a post visit and not to be present at that place on time creates a bad impression. It should be the other way. An architect shall be so particular about the time that others around you shall be alarmed about it. An architect essentialiness take note the assertable time required to travel along the street. You must start on time.Dont be use giving extravagant excuses when you are ripe. Its a bad habit. If you are late just say, Sorry for the delay. To avoid uncertainty and to be punctual, a journal habit will help a lot. If the meeting was cancelled or postponed it should be announced in advance not at the die hard minute. To avoid overlapping of the appointments, you mu st check your schedules on your diary, so you can give time to other appointment. Just give enough time gaps between the two successive appointments. * How to be punctual in work a. Be considerate Think about how you would feel if someone else was late at your expense.Realize that it makes you look unreliable, even though you may be only a little late. If you are always waiting on someone, dont try to figure out how you can be later(prenominal) than her/him. Use the time instead to read a book or something. b. Finish things early leave as little as possible to be done in the morning, you will be groggy thus and everything you do will take longer than normal. If there were things you couldnt arouse in time the night before make a attend of them and put them somewhere you can see quickly as you are getting ready in the morning. c. Put a clock everywhere unless you are in the habit of wearing and looking at wristwatches every now and then, having a clock at all your rooms helps yo u maintain track of time. You can put alarms on your clocks so it goes off every half an hour or something, to let yourself know how a good deal time is passing by and working accordingly. d. Set ahead your time if you are a little late for everything you do, setting your clocks a few minutes ahead is a good idea. Its up to you how much you set it ahead by, I know someone who has it ten minutes ahead. If it comes to a point where setting the time ahead isnt working anymore, just change it again.You can set events earlier in your calendar too, schedule any projects due to be finished a day or two earlier than the actual due date. e. prioritize if you are running late, stop and think, for just a few seconds, what must be done now and what can be done later. This puts your tasks in priority and is a good way to organize and find time to do the things you need to without sacrificing time. Its refreshing to get things done in time. When we know we are going to be late, we always thi nk about it, or at least have it at the back of our thoughts. formerly you get in the habit of doing things timely, you feel more reliable at yourself.It feels like a burden has been lifted off of you. 4. The Importance of Completeness and throw Accuracy In almost every line of work it is important if not critical that work be done accurately. Yet, there is a significant portion of the population for whom excellence, accuracy and attention to detail do not come naturally. The methodology corrects this and opens a critical doorway to career advancement. According to * The responsibilities of the Architect As the prime design professional, the architect assumes old contractual responsibility to the owner for accuracy and completeness of the work of architects consultants.If something goes wrong, the architect can be held contractually liable to the owner for services improperly perform their services in accordance with applicable standards of professional practice, and failure to d o so may result in their indebtedness to injured parties. However, their failure to meet the standard of care may also make the architect contractually liable to the owner. The architectural profession has changed dramatically in recent years due to technological advancements. Computers and other electronic devices have improved the speed and accuracy of design and provided convenience for architects.Despite these developments, there are some traditional tools that are still widely used in the architectural profession. Architects should be comfortable utilizing engine room as salutary as more traditional methods of design. * Tools can be use of Architects to make their work accurate and complete a. Computers Most architects work extensively with computers, exploitation them to develop design ideas or draft construction documents using computer-aided design (CAD) software. Word processing software is used to write specifications, proposals and other documents. b. oversize Format Printers or PlottersArchitects typically work with large-format drawings on 24 by 36-inch or larger paper. Most architectural firms have their own large-format printers or plotters to print and copy computer-generated drawings. c. Digital Photography Digital cameras enable an architect to document existing site conditions for future reference or for use in presentation images. Photographs help the architect remember important site characteristics that will influence the design. d. Measuring Devices Architects use measuring tapes or optical maser measuring tools to take accurate measurements on site, ensuring that their designs are accurate and feasible.An architectural scale, a type of ruler, is used for measuring scaled construction documents, or to scale down real-world measurements to a size that will fit on paper. e. Sketching Materials Even with computer software advancements, it is often quicker and easier for an architect to melt down a drawingbook to jot down important no tes and brainstorm design ideas as they occur. Tracing paper is still commonly used to sketch design modifications over existing drawings. f. Manual Drafting Tools CAD technology has almost completely replaced manual draft, but some architects still pick out to draw by hand.Most architectural schools still teach manual lottery as a required skill. A drafting board, parallel rule, triangles, compass, drafting pencils and inking pens are some commonly used tools for hand drafting. &8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212 2 . http//www. di. net/articles/archive/3229/Professional_and_Ethics_in_Architectural-Education_DesignIntelligence. htm Nov. 3, 2011 3 . ARCHITECTS NATIONAL CODE, UAP DOC. 200, CODE OF EHTICAL CONDUCT, 1979. 4 . Importance of Punctuality in work,www. oppapers. com/essays/Importance-Of-Punctuality/194688

The Industry Structure & The Behavior of Firms in the PC Industry

In this paper I leave al integrity discuss the manufacturing organize and the behavior of firms in the Personal calculator Industry. The personal calculator industry has basketball team attractors Compaq calculating machine Corporation (ccc), dingle Computer Corporation, International Business Machines (IBM), Hewlett-Packard, and Gateway, (Industry Survey, Apr. 2000). The PC industry, as discussed in the paper, is comprised only of bag/ crease utilisation machines, not mainframes, databases, or any kind of servers or super- electronic figurers. The PC industry is a fast-growing, consumer-based oligopoly.I result prove the latter th rocky the use of industry characteristics and firm behaviors by big an oerview of each leading firm and their behaviors, then by combining them into an industry analysis. The companies will be addressed from top leader to tush. Compaq Computer Corporation,(CCC) is the current industry leader. CCC boasts a 1999 marketplace sh ar of 12. 8%. H owever, this figure has declined slightly from its 1998 sh are of 13. 4%. The dip is due to dell Computer Corp. s heavy presence in the excellent PC market, (Industry Survey, Apr. 2000).Compaq has a vast range of PC products from undersizer, less exp residualiturey machines to more costly, high-tech systems. CCC has been close to successful with their smaller machines, targeted to the home/family segment, because they are subject to sell large quantities. However, Compaq has been frustrated in retaining customers because most of them were pleased with their smaller machines and did not upgrade to CCCs more expensive, high-tech systems,(Hamblen 1-2). Customer ready reckoner memory has been a chore for the forty billion-dollar gild, (Hamblen 1-2).It is my estimation that Compaq does quiet remain the leader because their products are rattling easy to buy for the unenlightened consumer. You may simply walk into the aesthesis or BEST BUY and there are five or so Compaq machines all competitively priced with a advanced range of attri only ifes, usually not the outdo that a veteran user would require. For antecedent CCCs parvenuest product, the iPac, is a very simple-to-use, inexpensive machine. It is supposed to satisfy clientele workers needs for a useful computer at d witnesshearted cost,(Wildstrom 1-2).Another problem in CCCs not-to-distant in store(predicate) is their dispersal costs. With the use of the Internet, competitors have been able to reduce and even eliminate distribution costs. To follow suit Compaq plans to increase count on sales in the future, according to Micheal Capellas, chief executive officer (Hamblen 4). The future for CCC is quite hazy. in spite of the sales numbers and the heavy bottom line, CCCs stock price has sat down in the low $30&8243s,(Hamblen 1). Competition is increasing day-by-day and Compaq needs to distinguish itself in the marketplace.Theyve already experienced a decline in markets share, only the y can change their fate. dingle Computer Corporation, the second leading computer manufacturer, began by selling PCs directly to consumers. Their first customers ordered over the phone and Wold Wide Web. To this day dell still has no brick and mortar retailers and does not distribute its product to resellers. In the business to business market dingle has excelled, but until recently, the net profitable company was not so profitable in the home-user segment,(Industry Survey, Apr. 2000).The companys youthful strategy, to gain market share, has proven very effective. dell now posts a 62% gain in globe wide PC shipments and a 2. 6 share-point gain from 8. 2% in 98 to 10. 8% in 99,(Industry Survey, Apr. 2000). latterly Dells presence has been felt in the growing PC market. This has forced competitors to be very careful about set in this highly elastic industry. Dells profitability is also notable, since it has minimum distribution costs and does very little advertising Dell is ex tremely profitable. However, rough times may be on the horizon for Dell.Analysts are worried because profit proceeds projections were cut at to the lowest degree 10% by CFO doubting Thomas Meredith, who declared he is only trying to set more realistic goals and that the company will still post gain, (Burrows 1-2). Recently Dell has made some advert moves that should boost revenues including beefing-up its web site and a joint venture with Internet monster AOL, (Money 1-2). Dell Computer Corporation is still a major player in the PC industry and will last out to be in the future. Unlike Dell and Compaq, IBM has not had extreme success in the PC market.It is known that leaders at IBM never believed that the PC would be an important device and that only a small portion of the population would ever own a PC. Obviously, they were very wrong. IBM has not make a bad job contagious up to the pack, though it now has the number-three market share of 7. 6%, (Industry Survey, Apr. 2000 ). IBM plans some new strategies after its low ranking in the PC market. This new strategy is to end all retail selling and go completely direct, IBM plans to sell its Aptiva system exclusively over the Internet in the secure future, (Industry Survey, Apr. 000).This will lower costs and by chance increase the bottom line for the computer giant. Like IBM, Hewlett-Packard made one stray and cost itself billions of dollars in revenues. HP is a large electronics conglomerate. HP manufactures everything from calculators to top-secret regime appliances. For HP the PC market is one of many. Originally Hewlett-Packard was the standard in computer electronics however, this is not reality today. HPs reputation declined through the 80s and early 90s because of piteous quality management.To regain the respect they had bemused the marketing and engineering departments at HP worked their fingers to the bone to create a new image for the company. This was very effective today HP owns a mod est 6. 2% of the PC market and a very healthy reputation for quality PCs and peripherals, (Industry Survey, Apr. 2000). HP has had some festering in the past few historic period but has failed to match the industry growth rates. The companys years of unworthy quality put a ample hurt on their future growth while HP was busy alter in the hole it dug for itself, industry leaders like Compaq and Dell were basking in their success.